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A NOVEL SECURE AND RELIABLE ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR HETEROGENEOUS MULTIHOP WIRELESS NETWORKS

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In this abstract, we propose E-STAR, a secure protocol for Establishing Stable and reliable Routes in HMWNs. E-STAR integrates trust and payment systems with a trust based and energy aware routing protocol. E-STAR aims to identify the good nodes and select them in routing. The payment system uses credits (or micro payment) to charge the nodes that send packets and reward those relaying packets. Since a trusted party (TP) may not be involved in the communication sessions, an offline trusted party is required to manage the nodes’ credit accounts. The nodes compose proofs of relaying packets, called receipts, and submit them to TP. The payment system can stimulate the selfish nodes to relay others’ packets to earn credits. It can also en force fairness by rewarding the nodes that relay more packets such as those at the network center. However, the payment system is not sufficient to ensure route stability. It can stimulate the rational nodes to not break routes to earn credits, but the routes can be broken due to other reasons. Examples for these reasons include low resources, node failure, and malicious attacks. Trust systems have been used in a wide range of applications, including public key authentication, electronic commerce, supporting decision making, etc. In HMWNs, trust management is essential to assess the nodes’ trustworthiness, competence, and reliability in relaying packets. ESTAR integrates payment and trust systems with the routing protocol with the goal of enhancing route reliability and stability; We propose a multidimensional trust system based on processing the payment receipts; ESTAR stimulates the nodes not only to relay others’ packets even if they have many credits, but also to stabilize the routes and report their energy capability truthfully to increase their chance to participate in future routes We propose trust based and energy aware routing protocols to establish stable routes. Unlike most of the existing schemes that aim to identify and mitigate the malicious nodes, ESTAR aims to identify the good nodes and select them in routing. Our routing protocols can improve the packet delivery ratio and route stability.