Privacy and security, particularly maintaining confidentiality of data, have become a challenging issue with advances in information and communication technology. The ability to communicate and share data has many benefits, and the idea of an omniscient data source carries great value to research and building accurate data analysis models. For credit card companies to build more comprehensive and accurate fraud detection system, credit card transaction data from various companies may be needed to generate better data analysis models. Department of Energy supports research on building much more efficient diesel engines . Such an ambitious task requires the collaboration of geographically distributed industries, national laboratories and universities. Those institutions (including the potentially competing industry partners) need to share their private data for building data analysis models that enable them to understand the underlying physical phenomena. Similarly, different pharmaceutical companies may want to combine their private research data to predict the effectiveness of some protein families on certain diseases. On the other hand, an omniscient data source eases misuse, such as the growing problem of identity theft. To prevent misuse of data, there is a recent surge in laws mandating protection of confidential data, such as the European Community privacy standards , U.S. health-care laws , and California SB1386. A real cost through both added security expenditure and penalties and costs associated with disclosure. The CardSystems was terminated by Visa and American Express after having credit card information stolen. ChoicePoint stock lost 20% of its value in the month following their disclosure of information theft. Such public relations costs can be enormous and could potentially kill a company. From lessons learned in practice, what we need is the ability to compute the desired “beneficial outcome” of data sharing for analyzing without having to actually share or disclose data. This would maintain the security provided by separation of control while still obtaining the benefits of a global data source.